Qualifications Framework level

EQF level

European Qualifications Framework (EQF) has 8 levels (1 – the lowest, 8 – the highest).

Levels reflect the complexity level of acquired knowledge, skills and competences (learning outcomes).


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6

LQF level

Latvian Qualifications Framework (LQF) has 8 levels (1 – the lowest, 8 – the highest).

Levels reflect the complexity level of acquired knowledge, skills and competences (learning outcomes).

LQF covers stages of education starting from the basic education (level 1 – special basic education) to the highest education (level 8 – doctoral studies).


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6

Level of professional qualification
Till 1 august 2022 in Latvia had a system of five professional qualifications levels (PQL, 1 – the lowest, 5 – the highest).

PQL system covers only professional qualifications (basic education, secondary and higher education stages).

PQL reflects readiness of a person to perform work of certain stage of complexity and responsibility.
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Learning outcomes

Learning outcomes are knowledge, skills and competences acquired during a certain period of learning.

In Latvia, learning outcomes are stipulated by state education standards and occupational standards (for the professional qualifications).

Learning outcomes of higher education are defined by higher education institutions.


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– to apply manuaTo study the basics of economic science, theoretical and practical knowledge of financial and management accounting, financial analysis and audit, taxation policy, accounting and administration and other special aspects linked with qualification of an economist;
– to develop and defend course papers on the economics (2 credit points), financial accounting (2 credit points), financial analysis (2 credit points);
– to master practical skills during professional practice periods in the field of training in application of accounting methods ( 4 credit points), financial accounting (10 credit points), financial analysis (8 credit points) and situation research of accounting, financial analysis or audit (4 credit points) in companies and organizations;
– to develop and defend a diploma thesis (12 credit points).

The aim of the Professional Bachelor’s Study Programme Accounting, Analysis and Audit is to educate the specialists for Latvian and international enterprises, who have a wide range of knowledge and skills concerning the preparation of financial statements and analysis of economic activities for making management decisions in the public and private sector, as well as to ensure the development of students’ personalities and to provide them with an opportunity to obtain the Professional Bachelor’s degree with the rights to continue their studies at the Academic Master’s study programmes or Professional Master’s study programmes.

The main tasks to achieve this aim are to:
– provide an opportunity to acquire the Second Level Professional Higher Education Programme in conformity with the “Regulations on the State Standards of the Second Level Professional Higher Education” adopted by the Cabinet of Ministers;
– provide an opportunity to obtain the Professional Bachelor’s degree in Accounting, Analysis and Audit and the 5th level professional qualification of an economist after the acquisition of Professional Higher Education Bachelor’s Study Programme and the successful passing of state examinations;
– ensure the necessary preconditions for the education of highly qualified specialists of accounting who would be competitive in the labour market of Latvia;
– develop students’ economic and creative thinking, facilitate their efforts to perfect their knowledge and consolidate their practical skills independently;
– develop the students’ professional ethics of accountants at the high level and offer fundamental social skills necessary for communication, independent and team work;
– develop the students’ skills to perform scientific research independently and to apply the obtained results in practice;
– ensure the flexible approach to the content of study process in relation to the changing economic situation.

Knowledge:
– in the field of the structure and management of economic systems;
– concerning the enterprise management and financial provision;
– of the national taxation system and its application;
– of the application of provisions regulating accounting in the private and public sector;
– of international accounting;
– of mathematics and statistics;
– of methods and techniques for the processing of economic information;
– of business ethics and economic rights.

Skills:
– to apply manual or computerized approach to the processing of financial information,
– to prepare and process the accounting documents,
– to aggregate information in the bookkeeping registers;
– to prepare the annual financial statements and the financial statements for other periods;
– to the prepare and submit in due time the statements on taxes and statistical reports;
– to identify and analyze business problems by applying the techniques of financial analysis;
– to interpret the results obtained during analysis and to substantiate the proposals suggested for dealing with problems;
– to apply the audit methodology for auditing annual reports;
– to organize and manage the activities of the structural units of accounting in conformity with the requirements set for internal control;
– to use the computer for professional purposes, applying the software envisaged for accounting;
– to read fluently the specialized literature in a foreign language on business activities, management and the problems of accounting;
– to apply the techniques for searching for information and knowledge;
– to find innovative solutions for dealing with everyday problems;
– to develop communicative skills, while working in a team.

Competences:
– creative dealing with problems in relation to professional duties;
– ethical attitude towards the colleagues, partners, customers and other persons;
– the ability to show initiative and to take responsibility;
– careful attitude towards the environment and nature;
– the desire to develop and perfect oneself on an ongoing basis.

 

Economist

  • Knowledge

    1. Basic knowledge of:
    1.1. commercial theories.
    1.2. economic system development trends worldwide;
    1.3. commercial law;
    2. Understanding of:
    2.1. tax policy;
    2.2. international economic relations;
    2.3. business communication;
    2.4. statistics;
    2.5. sociology;
    2.6. industry technology;
    2.7. environmental economics;
    2.8. professional terminology in the official language and at least two foreign languages.
    3. Ability to apply knowledge of:
    3.1. macroeconomics;
    3.2. microeconomics;
    3.3. business economics;
    3.4. economic analysis and planning;
    3.5. economic forecast;
    3.6. management science;
    3.7. financial management and analysis;
    3.8. marketing;
    3.9. quality management;
    3.10. project development, management and implementation;
    3.11. information technologies;
    3.12. financial accounting;
    3.13. management accounting;
    3.14. research methodology;
    3.15. environmental protection;
    3.16. official language;
    3.17. two foreign languages at the communication level.
    3.18. labour protection;
    3.19. employment relationship.

  • Skills

    1. To apply theoretical findings in the sector of economics to assess and analyse facts.
    2. To plan and analyse economic activities in product, financial and labour markets.
    3. To understand processes taking place in society and impact thereof on the socio-economic environment.
    4. To understand the legislative process and its effects on business and the economics as a whole.
    5. To assess draft laws and regulations in the economic field put forward for public consideration and provide proposals for improvement thereof.
    6. To evaluate and compare alternative economic activities, evaluate possible consequences thereof.
    7. To establish business goals.
    8. To assess the macroeconomic situation and plan a company’s business operations in accordance with the changing circumstances.
    9. To understand the impact of economic activities on the socio-economic and ecological environment in the short and long term.
    10. To carry out planning of business activities and financial management.
    11. To predict a company’s business activities and factors influencing it.
    12. To select ways of attracting and allocating finance in line with the objectives of business activity.
    13. To understand and analyse interconnections of a company’s basic, financial and investment activities and results thereof.
    14. To establish operating efficiency improvement measures.
    15. To assess the efficiency of investment projects.
    16. To know and apply risk identification, assessment and prevention methods.
    17. To develop a business operation and financial risk reduction plan.
    18. To know and be able to use methods to determine the value of financial assets.
    19. To use financial and statistical information.
    20. To know how to carry out accounting and control of business activities.
    21. To be aware of methods to draw up functional and financial budget and financial reports.
    22. To have a good knowledge of the banking and financial sector and the tax system.
    23. To use appropriate management techniques and forms.
    24. To know and use meaningful decision-making methods.
    25. To use latest information technology.
    26. To structure, analyse and use the acquired operating information.
    27. To utilize logical conclusion-making methods.
    28. To develop projects related to business activities and participate in management thereof.
    29. To plan, coordinate and manage work groups, take part in them.
    30. To define problems, establish tasks.
    31. To conduct scientific research and implement research results into practice.
    32. To prepare presentations and speak on professional issues at conferences, seminars, meetings.
    33. To know the official language.
    34. To know at least two foreign languages at the communication level.
    35. To use professional terminology in the official language and at least one foreign language.
    36. To constantly improve one’s knowledge.
    37. To meet the requirements of employment relationship.
    38. To comply with labour safety, fire safety and environmental protection requirements.

  • Competences/ autonomy

    1. Ability to analyse and assess the economic environment at a macro and micro level, development trends and prospects thereof in Latvia and the world and develop proposals to improve sectoral and economic development policies.
    2. Ability to identify changes in the social and economic environment and processes thereof and adopt decisions regarding the necessity to change the business objectives and plans of a company.
    3. Ability to define the objectives and main directions of a company, as well as a country and sector to ensure increase in the efficiency of sustainable growth and development thereof.
    4. Ability to comply with the laws and regulations in the sector of economics.
    5. Ability to prepare, analyse and adjust forecasts of economic processes.
    6. Ability to use financial and statistical information in the accounting, planning and analysis of a company’s activities.
    7. Ability to compose, analyse and amend functional and financial budgets, carrying out targeted analysis of revenue and expenditure dynamics and structure.
    8. Ability to select and use alternative sources of financing assessing opportunities, risks of resource attraction and impact thereof on the effectiveness of the results.
    9. Ability to analyse and assess the business (operating, investing and financial) performance of a company and identify factors influencing it.
    10. Ability to collect data using the latest information technology to plan, control and adjust business activities.
    11. Ability to ensure effective use of finance by analysing, planning and adjusting the cash flow.
    12. Ability to prepare information for a company’s management regarding the progress of execution of a plan to facilitate decision-making with respect to the development of business.
    13. Ability to develop and implement a business operation efficiency indicator system.
    14. Ability to develop and control the operation efficiency enhancement plan.
    15. Ability to consider and utilize statutory incentives (including tax incentives) for more efficient operation.
    16. Ability to develop investment, new product introduction and new market entering projects, to manage them.
    17. Ability to utilize long-term investment project efficiency assessment methods, determine profitability and risks thereof, prepare information for decision-making on investments.
    18. Ability to develop programs and measures for improving operational efficiency, ensure implementation, monitoring and control thereof.
    19. Ability to develop programs and measures for resources (human, financial, material resources etc.) management, carry out implementation, monitoring and control thereof.
    20. Ability to monitor value of a company’s assets, use tracking databases for operational control.
    21. Ability to analyse employment, productivity and labour costs at a macro and micro level.
    22. Ability to interpret and use operational, financial and investment performance analysis for planning purposes.
    23. Ability to establish financial management measures to achieve the objectives.
    24. Ability to assess operating and financial risks and draw up a prevention plan.
    25. Ability to comply with occupational safety, fire safety and environmental safety requirements.
    26. Ability to meet the requirements of employment relationship.
    27. Ability to communicate in the official language and at least two foreign languages.
    28. Ability to conduct research of scientific value in the economic field and present the results.

Qualification acquisition requirements

Previous education
Certificate of general secondary education or Diploma of vocational secondary education
Ways to acquire 
Qualifications can be acquired in the framework of education programs or in the evaluation and recognition of non-formal knowledge, skills and competences acquired (in vocational education LKI Levels 2-4).
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Formal (through education programmes)
ECTS credit points 
Snice 11.10.2022 60 credit points correspond to the study results acquired in full-time studies in one academic year in accordance with the European Credit Transfer and Accumulation System (ECTS).Since 11.10.2022

Till 11.10.2022 1 Latvian credit point corresponds to 1,5 ECTS credit point.
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240
Duration of study 
Duration of qualification in full-time studies
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4 years

Qualification document

Awarding body

Higher education institution:

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Qualifications Framework level

EQF level

European Qualifications Framework (EQF) has 8 levels (1 – the lowest, 8 – the highest).

Levels reflect the complexity level of acquired knowledge, skills and competences (learning outcomes).


Go to the Glossary section
?

6

LQF level

Latvian Qualifications Framework (LQF) has 8 levels (1 – the lowest, 8 – the highest).

Levels reflect the complexity level of acquired knowledge, skills and competences (learning outcomes).

LQF covers stages of education starting from the basic education (level 1 – special basic education) to the highest education (level 8 – doctoral studies).


Go to the Glossary section
?

6

Level of professional qualification

Till 1 august 2022 in Latvia had a system of five professional qualifications levels (PQL, 1 – the lowest, 5 – the highest).

PQL system covers only professional qualifications (basic education, secondary and higher education stages).

PQL reflects readiness of a person to perform work of certain stage of complexity and responsibility.


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5

Qualification field, stage and type

Thematic field (ISCED 2013)
International Standard Classification of Education (ISCED) developed by UNESCO.
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Business and administration (041)

Detailed field: (ISCED 2013)

Accounting and taxation (0411)

Education
Stages of Latvian education system included in the LQF:
- basic education
- secondary education
- higher education
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Higher education

Qualification type
ITypes of Latvian education:
-General education
-Professional education
-Academic education
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Vocational

Full or partial

Full qualification

Other information

National Education Information System

National Database of Education Opportunities

Active qualification

Period for issuing qualification: 2013-2019

Last changes: 13.07.2020

Posted: 07.05.2016